Zakkar Fidda Kai: Shin Za Ka Fitar Wa Dan Da ke Cikin Mahaifiyarsa? Ga Hujjoji Daga Littattafai

AA Tijjani
Zakkar Fitar Kai (Zakatul Fitr) ibada ce mai matuƙar muhimmanci a Musulunci, wadda ake fitarwa kafin sallar Idi domin tsarkake azumi da kuma taimakon marasa galihu. Amma tambayar da ake yawan yi ita ce: shin ana fitar da ita ga Dan da ba haifa ba?

Hukuncin Asali: Ba Wajibi Ba Ne
Malamai sun yi ittifaki cewa ba wajibi ba ne a fitar da Zakkar Fitar Kai ga jaririn da bai fito duniya ba. Dalili kuwa shi ne, zakka tana wajaba ne ga duk wanda ya kasance mai rai kafin faɗuwar rana a daren Sallah ko kafin sallar Idi.

An bayyana hakan a cikin littafin Al-Mughni inda aka ce:
“Ba a wajabta Zakkar Fitr ga jariri da ke cikin ciki, domin bai zama daga cikin waɗanda aka haifa ba.”

Haka kuma, a cikin Al-Majmu’ Sharh al-Muhadhdhab, Imam Nawawi ya tabbatar da cewa:
“Malamai sun yi ittifaki cewa ba a wajabta Zakkar Fitr ga wanda yake cikin ciki.”

Fatawar da Ke Nuna Halaccin Fitarwa (Mustahabbi)
Duk da cewa ba wajibi ba ne, wasu malamai sun ce yana da kyau (mustahabbi) a fitar masa, musamman idan mutum yana son ƙarin lada.

Wannan Fatawar ta samo asali ne daga abin da aka ruwaito daga Usman bn Affan cewa:
“Ya kasance yana fitar da Zakkar Fitr har ga dan ke cikin ciki.” wato wanda ba a haifa ba.

An ambaci wannan a cikin Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah.

Hikimar Wannan Fatawa
Wasu malamai sun bayyana cewa fitar da zakka ga jaririn ciki yana nuna:
Fatan samun albarka ga jaririn;
Yin koyi da sahabbai;
Ƙara kusanci ga Allah ta hanyar sadaka;

Amma duk da haka, sun jaddada cewa wannan ba wajibi ba ne, sai dai na son rai.

Lokacin Da Zakka Ke Wajaba
Domin ƙarin fahimta, Zakkar Fitar Kai tana wajaba ne ga:
Duk wanda ya rayu har zuwa faɗuwar rana a ranar ƙarshe ta Ramadan
Ko kuma kafin sallar Idi (gwargwadon ra’ayoyin malamai)

Saboda haka, jaririn da bai fito ba a wannan lokaci, ba ya cikin waɗanda zakka ta wajaba a kansu.

A taƙaice:
❌ Ba wajibi ba ne a fitar da Zakkar Fitar Kai ga jaririn ciki
✅ Amma ana iya yi a matsayin lada (mustahabbi)

📚 Wannan hukunci yana da tushe a litattafan fikihu da kuma ayyukan sahabbai

Musulmi ya kamata ya bi abin da ya fi masa sauƙi, tare da la’akari da hujjoji daga Alƙur’ani, Hadisi da fahimtar malamai.

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